Background: Smoking during pregnancy is a major risk factor, as it causes abnormal fetal lung growth. Lately, there has been a significant rise in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smoking. E-cigarettes have become an alternative method to regular tobacco cigarette smoking. E-cigarettes are devices that deliver nicotine in doses and also contain different flavors, propylene glycol, and vegetable glycerin. Tobacco smoke consists of many compounds, including nicotine. Maternal smoking leads to various gestational problems. The development of the fetal lung undergoes several morphological stages. From that, the fetal lung gets exposed to tobacco smoke and e-cigarette smoke, which can impair lung development, immune response, and cause wheezing. Methods: This topic was derived from articles that were searched and screened using the following evidence: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Sci-Hub. Result: This study review is conducted to provide an overview of the effects of e-cigarettes vs tobacco cigarettes on fetal lung development. Based on evidence from articles, nicotine serves as a mediator between e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes. Smokers often perceive e-cigarettes to be the safer option between the two. However, they are quite addictive due to their nicotine content, and vaping persists even during pregnancy, leading to respiratory disorders in offspring. Conclusion: Hence, the study shows that e-cigarettes and regular tobacco cigarettes have a pathological influence on the fetus.